Aggregate void content — dry material

Calculate interparticle voids from dry aggregate bulk observations and independently measured dry-basis specific gravity.

Observations and units

• Empty measure mass (g)
• Measure + dry aggregate mass (g)
• Calibrated measure volume (L)
• Dry-basis specific gravity — not SSD/apparent (ratio)

Calculation

Net dry mass = filled mass − tare; dry bulk density Y (kg/L) = net dry mass (g) / (1000 × volume (L)); voids (%) = 100 × (Gs − Y) / Gs, using dry-basis specific gravity Gs and the standard's kg/L convention. Do not round Y before calculating voids.

Method reference and limitations

IS 2386 (Part 3):1963, clauses 3.3–3.6; amendment 1:2018 dry-gravity definitions. Dry material only; use an independently measured dry-basis specific gravity for the same aggregate. SSD and apparent gravity are not interchangeable. Keep loose/rodded preparations separate and record preparation, grading and gravity-test reference. One to twenty independent determinations are a worksheet choice; no mandatory replicate count or combined mean is inferred. Report density to 0.01 kg/L and voids to a whole percent; retain raw values. This is not angularity number, internal particle porosity or a mix-design conversion factor. The existing density-only worksheet remains separate.

Calculation and reporting rules audited within the documented profile; physical test execution and specification acceptance remain the operator’s responsibility. Independent qualified review is not recorded. No certificate or compliance decision.

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